- break bulk cargo or general cargo is a term that covers a great variety of goods that must be loaded individually, and not in shipping containers nor in bulk as with oil or grain.
- The term break bulk derives from the phrase breaking bulk — the extraction of a portion of the cargo of a ship or the beginning of the unloading process from the ship's holds.
- These goods may be in bags, cases, crates, drums, barrels, or they may be kept together by baling or loaded onto pallets
Jenis2 Break Bulk Cargo
- Bagged Cargo : Should be stowed on double dunnage and kept clear of the ship's sides and bulkheads. Bags should be kept away from pillars and stanchions by covering with matting or waterproof paper.
- Baled Good : These should be stowed on single dunnage at least 50mm thick. The bales should be clean with all the bands intact. Stained or oily bales should be rejected. All fibres can absorb oil and are liable to spontaneous combustion as a result they should be kept clear of any new paintwork. Bales close to the deckhead should be covered to prevent damage by dripping sweat
- Barrels and Casks : Wooden barrels should be stowed on their sides on "beds" of dunnage which keeps the middle of the side (the bilge) off the deck and they should be stowed with the bung at the top. To prevent movement wedges called quoins are put in on top of the "beds". Barrels should be stowed fore and aft and not athwart ships. Once the first tier has been loaded the next tier of barrels fits into the hollows between the barrels, this is known as stowing "bilge and cantline".
- Cartons (cardboard boxes) should be stowed on a good layer of dunnage and kept clear of any moisture. They should not be overstowed with anything other than similar cartons. They are frequently loaded on pallets, if so the slings that are used to load the cargo are frequently left on to facilitate discharge.
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